写作词汇要丰富!这些同义替换的陷阱你踩到过吗?

2024-04-25

来源: 易伯华教育

写作词汇要丰富!这些同义替换的陷阱你踩到过吗?

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雅思写作中*考察平日积累和写作功底的恐怕是词汇部分了。很多同学也都知道写作要追求多样的表达,也就是词汇的替换。

很多写作到了6分的同学会遇到一个瓶颈,就是词汇也积累了不少, 句式也够丰富多样, 逻辑和任务完成度都没有问题,就是分数一直在6分徘徊。

究其原因, 原来是词汇用的太糙, 也就是追求同义替换,却没有注意到词汇之间细微的差别。

在写作7分的评分标准中,对于词汇是这样规定的

• uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation

让我们来看一下什么是单词的style和collocation

Style:often shows the attitudes of the people involved

Collocation(语言学中指词语的)组合,搭配,连用 In linguistics, collocation is the way that some words occur regularly whenever another word is used.

从上面的标准中可以见得对于词汇的使用要求考虑其搭配,使用的场合,其褒义和贬义。以下是我们为大家总结的易混淆的一些同义替换词。

# Group 1

满足

satisfy / meet / fulfill / cater to /cater for

有时候在写作中讨论亲子关系问题的时候,我们需要表达这样的思路 :父母有时候会满足*的任何需求。

先来看satisfy,说到满足,很多同学*反应就是satisfy

Satisfy

用法1

词典释义:

- If someone or something satisfies you, they give you enough of what you want or need to make you pleased or contented.

例句:

- The pace of change has not been quick enough to satisfy everyone...

satisfy *个用法是satisfy sb 让某人心满意足的意思

用法 2

词典释义:

- If you satisfy the requirements for something, you are good enough or have the right qualities to fulfil these requirement

例句:

- The procedures should satisfy certain basic requirements.

Satisfy第二个用法,足够好有资格满足完成某一任务的需求满足一标准。

综上所述,Satisfy不适用于我们要用的语境。

Meet

近义词 fulfill

词典释义:

- to do or fulfill what is needed or what sb asks for

例句:

- How can we best meet the needs of all the different groups?

Cater for /cater to

为…*服务;满足…的需要;接待

词典释义:

- In British English, to cater for a group of people means to provide all the things that they need or want. In American English, you say you cater to a person or group of people.

例句 :

- Minorca is the sort of place that caters for families...

综上所述,当我们要表达父母满足*的需求是,这个满足,我们*好用meet 以及 fulfill 。

# Group 2

阻碍

impede / hinder / hamper

在写作中会遇到这样一个场景,年长的人跟年轻人在求职上竞争,对于这样一个题目,我们可能会需要这样一个思路,年长的人在精力上和思想上存在一些不足,可能会阻碍他们在职场上的发展。这时候我们需要用到阻碍这个词。

那么我们用哪一个阻碍呢?

Impede

词典释义:

- If you impede someone or something, you make their movement, development, or progress difficult.

例句:

- No difficulties or obstacles can impede our progress

Hinder

词典释义:

- If something hinders you, it makes it more difficult for you to do something or make progress.

例句:

- Does the fact that your players are part-timers help or hinder you?

Hamper

词典释义:

- If someone or something hampers you, they make it difficult for you to do what you are trying to do

例句:

- I was hampered by a lack of information

综上所述,在讲到某事阻碍,阻挠到一个人的进步 一件事的在发展时 ,以上三个阻碍都可以使用。

# Group 3

损害

undermine / impair / harm /damage

刚才说到年长者在求职中会存在一些劣势,因此我们可以继续往下拓展,就是假如公司雇佣年长者,会损害公司的一些利益。这时候我们需要用到损害。我们看一下以上几个损害的用法。

Undermine

用法如下:

- undermine a feeling / a system/someone / one’s position / one’s authority / efforts / one’s chances of achieving something

例如

Ø undermine the government.

Øundermine her authority so she felt that she could no longer work for the company.

Ø undermine efforts to negotiate an agreement...

Impair

词典释义:

- If something impairs something such as an ability or the way something works, it damages it or makes it worse.

例句:

- Consumption of alcohol impairs your ability to drive a car or operate machinery.

Harm

Harm 首先可以指的是对动物或者人造成身体上伤害如 :

● The hijackers seemed anxious not to harm anyone.

写作词汇要丰富!这些同义替换的陷阱你踩到过吗?

其次,harm 可以表示 对某事产生不利影响 如harm the environment/harm the industry

Damage

Damage 首先可以指破坏某物如:damaged a car

其次,它可以表示破坏声誉、经济等如:damage reputation / economy

综上所述 ,我们认为要表示损害某人利益时,我们可以用harm

下面是十组同义替换词,大家明确它们用法间的区别吗?

1. *、练习

写作词汇要丰富!这些同义替换的陷阱你踩到过吗?

Improve / enhance / promote / strengthen / optimize

2. *

Assure / ensure / guarantee / pledge

3. 导致

Lead to / cause / generate / contribute to / bring about / result in / spark off / conduce to / procure / induce

4. 有害的,消极的

Bad / harmful / detrimental / baneful / undesirable/ deleterious / dreadful / defective / faulty

5. 贫穷的

Poor / needy / impoverished / poverty-stricken /sb./sth with a tight budget 缺钱

6. 增加

expand / improve / enhance / advance / mushroom / magnify / proliferate

7. 减少

decline / slump / eclipse / shrink / ebb

8. 消除

Eliminate / clear / remove / clear up / take away / smooth away

9. 巨大的

Big / large / huge / giant / vast / enormous / immense / Tremendous

10. 健康的:

Healthy / robust / sound / wholesome

如果想了解更多的词汇辨析,可以到易伯华寻求更多写作老师的帮助。

*后希望大家能够抓紧暑期时间,积极备考,早日出分吖!

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