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一个领导力的典型例子： HP的成功

Few business leaders get to be highly recognized names in the world at large

or even the broadest business communities like the team of William Hewlett and

David Packard. In 1938 they pooled $538 to found their namesake Hewlett-Packard

in a rented garage. Hewlett focused his energy on leading the technology side of

the now $31 billion high tech leader. Packard wrestled with managing the

day-to-day operation and died at the age of 83. Many believe that David

Packard’s chief legacy may be his management style. His employees awarded him a

M.B.W.A. Degree—Master By Walking Around for the legwork expanded in his belief

that upper management should remain close to workers. The HP way also strives to

maintain a small company atmosphere even as the work force expanded to 100,000.

Employees were allowed freedom, and internal competition was encouraged, while

working toward a shared objective. Packard’s commitment to employees was also

legendary. In 1990 he came out of semi-retirement to help manage a sweeping

corporate overhaul that successfully averted the job losses that subsequently

hit many other high-tech companies. David Packard was truly a good leader to be

admired.

一个团队管理的例子

The Orpheus orchestra has performed for over thirty years without a

conductor—that is, without a sole leader. As a team of over 25 members, it has

drawn discriminating audiences, and has produced over 60 recordings for Deutsche

Gramophone in successful competition with other world-class orchestras.

Rather than an autocratic or charismatic conductor deciding the overall

conception of a work and then dictating how each individual is to perform the

individual tasks, the Orpheus team generally selects a different “core group”

for each piece of music. The core group provides leadership in working out the

details of the piece, and presents their ideas to the whole team. Members of

the

whole team then participate in refining the final conception, rehearsal, and

product, including checking from various places in the auditorium how the sound

balances and verifying the quality of the final recording.

At times the entire Orpheus team may follow a single leader, but whom the

team follows rotates from task to task, depending on the capabilities of its

members. The orchestra has developed seminars and training sessions for adapting

the Orpheus Process to business.

领导力与管理存在的领域

Leadership does not only manifest itself as purely a business phenomenon.

Many people can think of an inspiring leader they have encountered who has

nothing whatever to do with business: a politician, an officer in the armed

forces, a Scout or Guide leader, a teacher, etc. Similarly, management does not

occur only as a purely business phenomenon. Again, we can think of examples of

people that we have met who fill the management niche in non-business

organizations. Non-business organizations should find it easier to articulate a

non-money-driven inspiring vision that will support true leadership. However,

often this does not occur.